The perceptual problem is that people think differently so as a result their perception of reality is different. The material world provides a special reality to teach individual. As human being’s sensory perceptions—touch, sight hearing, smell, taste -- are similar, and each person’s mental filter is unique. We make various abstractions, inferences and evaluations of the world around us.

Abstracting:

Selecting some details and omitting others is a process called abstracting. On many occasions abstracting is necessary. Differences in abstracting take place not only when persons describe events but also when they describe people and objects. However, you should be cautious about “slanted” statements.

Slanting is unfair in factual reporting. When presenting some particular facts, you include your own biased ideas into it, you make slanting statement. Try not to let personal preferences affect your factual reporting of information.

Inferring:

Conclusions made by reasoning from evidence are called inferences. We make assumptions and draw conclusions even though we are not able to immediately verify the evidence. Some inferences are both necessary and desirable; others are risky, even dangerous.

Necessary Inferences:

When we reach a foreign country, we are sure that we will be treated politely.

When we post a letter, we infer that it will reach its destination.

When we base our inferences on direct observation or on reasonable evidence, they are likely to be quite dependable. Conclusion we make about things we have not observed directly can often be untrue.

As an intelligent communicator, we must realize that inferences may be incorrect or unreliable and anticipate the risks before acting on them. Be careful to distinguish clearly among verifiable facts, and mere guess work.

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